EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF EXERCISES ON INSULIN RESISTANCE OF PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES

Abstract

The Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease that affects the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids and is characterized by the presence of insulin resistance associated with varying degrees of deficiency in the secretion of insulin. The resistance to insulin is a progressive disorder that binds to a variety of diseases including obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, polycystic ovarian syndrome, ateroscleose and is defined by a defect in the insulin signaling to stimulate the use of glucose by the body . The regular physical activity is recognized as an important factor in prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. In recent decades, in industrialized countries, has reported a large increase in the incidence of diabetes. This study aimed to review scientific articles that identified factors associated with decreased insulin resistance promoted by exercise in type 2 diabetic patients, analyzing the disease from the epidemiological and pathophysiological, seeking thereby to compare the effects of different types of exercises in metabolic control, verifying the impact of various activities in cardiovascular risk factors and investigating the effect of supervised physical training on blood biochemical parameters, such as glucose. A better understanding of how the various types of exercises work with insulin resistance may contribute to the design of model programs that can be used in the treatment of the disease. Moreover, the identification and understanding of the mechanisms involved in reducing insulin resistance may provide more specific recommendations for physical exercises in this population, aimed at not only improving metabolic control, but also the reduction of morbidity.